

* Stata do file for "Regimes, Leaders, and Lockdowns: Who Responded More Quickly to the COVID-19 Pandemic?"
* By Joachim Wehner and Mark Hallerberg
* Accepted for publication in the Journal of Politics
* Replication do file for the JOP Data Archive on Dataverse 
* Prepared on January 29, 2025 with StataNow/SE 18.5 for Mac
* Requires the data files "JOP_lockdown_leaders.dta" and "JOP_lockdown.dta"
* To replicate all tables and figures, save this do file and the two data files in a folder on your computer and run the do file.


*********************************************************************************
*** Figure 1: Degree subjects of political leaders and their health ministers ***
*********************************************************************************

use JOP_lockdown_leaders.dta, replace

graph hbar (sum) isced_agrivet isced_education isced_healthwelfare isced_sciencemathcomp ///
                  isced_engineermanucon isced_services nodegree isced_humanitiesarts isced_socscibusinesslaw, ascategory blabel(total) ///
				  yvaroptions(relabel(9 "Social sciences, business, law" 8 "Humanities and arts" 7 "No degree" 6 "Services" 5 "Engineering, manufacturing, construction" ///
				  4 "Science, mathematics, computing" 3 "Health and welfare" 2 "Education" 1 "Agriculture and veterinary")) ///
                  ytitle("Studied ISCED broad field", size(3.5) height(4) color(black)) ///
				  ylabel(0(20)120, labsize(medsmall) nogrid) ///
                  graphregion(color(white)) xsize(1.75) ysize(1) ///
				  plotregion(color(white) lwidth(medium) lcolor(black)) ///
				  title("(a) Leader education", size(4) color(black)) ///
				  bar(1, color(64 105 166)) intensity(25) ///
				  name(bargraph1, replace)
			  
graph hbar (sum) military economics politics law management, ascategory blabel(total) ///
				  yvaroptions(relabel(1 "Military" 2 "Economics" 3 "Political science" 4 "Law" 5 "Management")) ///
                  ytitle("Studied ISCED detailed field", size(3.5) height(4) color(black)) ///
				  ylabel(0(20)100, labsize(medsmall) nogrid) ///
                  graphregion(color(white)) xsize(1.75) ysize(1) ///
				  plotregion(color(white) lwidth(medium) lcolor(black)) ///
				  title("(b) Leader top 5 degree subjects", size(4) color(black)) ///
				  bar(1, color(146 195 51)) intensity(25) ///
				  name(bargraph2, replace)

graph hbar (sum) isced_agrivet_hm isced_services_hm isced_engineermanucon_hm nodegree_hm isced_education_hm isced_humanitiesarts_hm isced_sciencemathcomp_hm ///
                  isced_socscibusinesslaw_hm isced_healthwelfare_hm, ascategory blabel(total) ///
				  yvaroptions(relabel(9 "Health and welfare" 8 "Social sciences, business, law" 7 "Science, mathematics, computing" 6 "Humanities and arts"  ///
				  5 "Education" 4 "No degree" 3 "Engineering, manufacturing, construction" 2 "Services" 1 "Agriculture and veterinary")) ///
                  ytitle("Studied ISCED broad field", size(3.5) height(4)) ///
				  ylabel(0(20)120, labsize(medsmall) nogrid) ///
                  graphregion(color(white)) xsize(1.75) ysize(1) ///
				  plotregion(color(white) lwidth(medium) lcolor(black)) ///
				  title("(c) Health minister education", size(4) color(black)) ///
				  bar(1, color(64 105 166)) intensity(25) ///
				  name(bargraph1_hm, replace)
				  
graph hbar (sum) biology_hm politics_hm law_hm economics_hm management_hm medicine_hm, ascategory blabel(total) ///
				  yvaroptions(relabel(1 "Biology" 2 "Political science" 3 "Law" 4 "Economics" 5 "Management" 6 "Medicine")) ///
                  ytitle("Studied ISCED detailed field", size(3.5) height(4)) ///
				  ylabel(0(20)100, labsize(medsmall) nogrid) ///
                  graphregion(color(white)) xsize(1.75) ysize(1) ///
				  plotregion(color(white) lwidth(medium) lcolor(black)) ///
				  title("(d) Health minister top 5 degree subjects", size(4) color(black)) ///
				  bar(1, color(146 195 51)) intensity(25) ///
				  name(bargraph2_hm, replace)

graph combine bargraph1 bargraph2 bargraph1_hm bargraph2_hm, graphregion(color(white)) rows(2) name(bargraph_all, replace) xsize(2) ysize(1)
*graph export bargraph_all.tif, replace

clear


********************************************************************************************************************
*** Figure 2: Kaplan-Meier functions by regime and policymaker characteristics (nationwide stay-at-home measure) ***
********************************************************************************************************************

use JOP_lockdown_main.dta, replace

* Meier-Kaplan estimates for days since January 1, 2020
* Use risktable option to display at risk numbers

stset stop, failure(stayathome == 1) id(country)

sts list

sts graph if date <= 20201231, by(dddemocracy) failure /*
          */ title("(a) Democracy", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(off) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stay at home)", height(4) color(black)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(white)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Democracy   " 1 "Other   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(black))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_dictatorship_pm, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231, by(populist2) failure /*
          */ title("(b) Populist leader", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(off) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stay at home)", height(4) color(white)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(black)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Populist   " 1 "Other   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(white))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_populist_pm, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231, by(sciencesmedicine) failure /*
          */ title("(c) Scientist leader", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(label(1 "No") label(2 "Yes") region(style(none)) bmargin(zero) /*
		  */ keygap(1) ring(0) position(4) cols(1) textfirst order(2 1)) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stay at home)", height(4) color(white)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(white)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Scientist   " 1 "Other   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(white))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_scientist_pm, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231, by(womanpm) failure /*
          */ title("(d) Female leader", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(off) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stay at home)", height(4) color(black)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(white)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Woman   " 1 "Man   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(black))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_woman_pm, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231, by(medicine_hm2) failure /*
          */ title("(e) Doctor minister", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(off) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stay at home)", height(4) color(white)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(black)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Doctor   " 1 "Other   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(white))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_doctor_hm, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231, by(womanhm) failure /*
          */ title("(f) Female minister", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(label(1 "No") label(2 "Yes") region(style(none)) bmargin(zero) /*
		  */ keygap(1) ring(0) position(4) cols(1) textfirst order(2 1)) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stay at home)", height(4) color(white)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(white)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Woman   " 1 "Man   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(white))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_woman_hm, replace)

graph combine meier_kaplan_dictatorship_pm meier_kaplan_populist_pm meier_kaplan_scientist_pm meier_kaplan_woman_pm meier_kaplan_doctor_hm meier_kaplan_woman_hm, graphregion(color(white)) rows(2) xsize(7) name(meier_kaplan_all, replace)
*graph export meier_kaplan_all.tif, replace

* Testing for equality of survivor functions - rejected for dddemocracy, medicine_hm2, womanhm

sts test dddemocracy if date <= 20201231
sts test populist2 if date <= 20201231
sts test sciencesmedicine if date <= 20201231
sts test womanpm if date <= 20201231
sts test medicine_hm2 if date <= 20201231
sts test womanhm if date <= 20201231


***********************************************************************************************
*** Table 1: Hazard ratios from Cox regression models (also identical to Appendix Table A5) ***
***********************************************************************************************

set more off

stset stop, failure(stayathome == 1) id(country)

stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_main.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci replace
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox D_MLDIb populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_main.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddemocracy_parl dddemocracy_mixed dddemocracy_pres populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_main.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddictator_civilian dddictator_military dddictator_royal populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_main.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.regime_fh populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_main.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_main.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail


************************************
*** Table A4: Summary statistics ***
************************************

* Policymaker characteristics (chronological)
sum populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm if stop == 1

* Regime measures (chronological)
sum dddemocracy D_MLDIb dddemocracy_parl dddemocracy_mixed dddemocracy_pres dddictator_civilian dddictator_military dddictator_royal i.regime_fh i.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc C_MLDI v2x_libdem if stop == 1

* Lockdown measures (chronological)
sum stayathome stringent3 schoolclosing workclosing cancelevents restrictgatherings closetransport restrictmovement travelcontrols infocampaigns

* Standard controls
sum confirmeddeaths2
sum diffparty_hmpm left right legmaj rel_buddhist rel_christian rel_hindu rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated federal lnGDPpccur ggdebt_2019 ghsi_2019 island independent_hm ddpresidential i.e_regionpol if stop == 1

* Additional controls
sum frac_ethnic frac_language frac_religion trade_2019b if stop == 1


**************************************************
*** Table A6: Continuous measures of democracy ***
**************************************************

set more off

stset stop, failure(stayathome == 1) id(country)

stcox v2x_libdem populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_continuous.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci replace
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail


stcox C_MLDI populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_continuous.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail


***************************************
*** Table A7: Efron method for ties ***
***************************************

set more off

stset stop, failure(stayathome == 1) id(country)

stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231, efron
*outreg2 using regs_efron.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci replace
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox D_MLDIb populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231, efron
*outreg2 using regs_efron.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddemocracy_parl dddemocracy_mixed dddemocracy_pres populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231, efron
*outreg2 using regs_efron.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddictator_civilian dddictator_military dddictator_royal populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231, efron
*outreg2 using regs_efron.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.regime_fh populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231, efron
*outreg2 using regs_efron.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231, efron
*outreg2 using regs_efron.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail


*****************************************************
*** Table A8: Estimation with logistic regression ***
*****************************************************

set more off

tsset cntrycode stop

* We want to keep only observations up to and including the day of lockdown
list country stop stayathome lockdownday if country == "Germany"
list country stop stayathome lockdownday if country == "Afghanistan"
* We restrict the sample so that stop <= lockdownday
list country stop stayathome lockdownday if country == "Germany" & stop <= lockdownday
list country stop stayathome lockdownday if country == "Afghanistan" & stop <= lockdownday

xtlogit stayathome dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & stop <= lockdownday, re or vce(cluster cntrycode)
*outreg2 using regs_logit.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci replace

xtlogit stayathome D_MLDIb populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & stop <= lockdownday, re or vce(cluster cntrycode)
*outreg2 using regs_logit.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

xtlogit stayathome dddemocracy_parl dddemocracy_mixed dddemocracy_pres populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & stop <= lockdownday, re or vce(cluster cntrycode)
*outreg2 using regs_logit.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

xtlogit stayathome dddictator_civilian dddictator_military dddictator_royal populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & stop <= lockdownday, re or vce(cluster cntrycode)
*outreg2 using regs_logit.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

xtlogit stayathome i.regime_fh populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & stop <= lockdownday, re or vce(cluster cntrycode)
*outreg2 using regs_logit.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

xtlogit stayathome i.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & stop <= lockdownday, re or vce(cluster cntrycode)
*outreg2 using regs_logit.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append


******************************************************
*** Table A9: Trade openness as additional control ***
******************************************************

set more off

stset stop, failure(stayathome == 1) id(country)

stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 trade_2019b ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_trade.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci replace
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox D_MLDIb populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 trade_2019b ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_trade.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddemocracy_parl dddemocracy_mixed dddemocracy_pres populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 trade_2019b ggdebt_2019 island federal left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_trade.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddictator_civilian dddictator_military dddictator_royal populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 trade_2019b ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_trade.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.regime_fh populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 trade_2019b ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_trade.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 trade_2019b ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_trade.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail


********************************************************************
*** Table A10: Fractionalization measures as additional controls ***
********************************************************************

set more off

stset stop, failure(stayathome == 1) id(country)

stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm frac_ethnic frac_language frac_religion rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_frac.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci replace
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox D_MLDIb populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm frac_ethnic frac_language frac_religion rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_frac.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddemocracy_parl dddemocracy_mixed dddemocracy_pres populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm frac_ethnic frac_language frac_religion rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_frac.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddictator_civilian dddictator_military dddictator_royal populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm frac_ethnic frac_language frac_religion rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_frac.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.regime_fh populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm frac_ethnic frac_language frac_religion rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_frac.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm frac_ethnic frac_language frac_religion rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_frac.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail


*************************************************************************************
*** Table A11: Alternative measure of lockdown (broader stringent policy measure) ***
*************************************************************************************

set more off

stset stop, failure(stringent3 == 1) id(country)

stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_stringent.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci replace
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox D_MLDIb populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_stringent.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddemocracy_parl dddemocracy_mixed dddemocracy_pres populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_stringent.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox dddictator_civilian dddictator_military dddictator_royal populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_stringent.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.regime_fh populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_stringent.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail

stcox i.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_stringent.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
estat phtest
estat phtest, detail


*************************************************************************************
*** Table A12: Individual measures from "stringency index" as dependent variables ***
*************************************************************************************

set more off

stset stop, failure(schoolclosing == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_decompose.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci replace

stset stop, failure(workclosing == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_decompose.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

stset stop, failure(cancelevents == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_decompose.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

stset stop, failure(restrictgatherings == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_decompose.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

stset stop, failure(closetransport == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_decompose.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

stset stop, failure(stayathome == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_decompose.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

stset stop, failure(restrictmovement == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_decompose.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

stset stop, failure(travelcontrols == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_decompose.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append

stset stop, failure(infocampaigns == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan"
*outreg2 using regs_decompose.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append


* Same models with Eritra and Turkmenistan (as the component scores are available)

set more off

stset stop, failure(schoolclosing == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 

stset stop, failure(workclosing == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 

stset stop, failure(cancelevents == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 

stset stop, failure(restrictgatherings == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 

stset stop, failure(closetransport == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 

stset stop, failure(stayathome == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 

stset stop, failure(restrictmovement == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 

stset stop, failure(travelcontrols == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 

stset stop, failure(infocampaigns == 1) id(country)
stcox dddemocracy populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm medicine_hm2 womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231 


*********************************************************************************************
*** Table A13: Augmented model with interaction between regime and doctor health minister ***
*********************************************************************************************

set more off

stset stop, failure(stayathome == 1) id(country)

stcox dddemocracy##medicine_hm2 populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_interact.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci replace
lincom 1.medicine_hm2 + 1.dddemocracy#1.medicine_hm2, eform

stcox D_MLDIb##medicine_hm2 populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_interact.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
lincom 1.medicine_hm2 + 1.D_MLDIb#1.medicine_hm2, eform

stcox i.regime_fh##medicine_hm2 populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_interact.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
lincom 1.medicine_hm2 + 1.regime_fh#1.medicine_hm2, eform
lincom 1.medicine_hm2 + 2.regime_fh#1.medicine_hm2, eform

stcox i.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc##medicine_hm2 populist2 sciencesmedicine womanpm womanhm lnGDPpccur ghsi_2019 confirmeddeaths2 ggdebt_2019 island federal ddpresidential left right legmaj diffparty_hmpm independent_hm rel_christian rel_muslim rel_unaffiliated rel_hindu rel_buddhist i.e_regionpol if date <= 20201231
*outreg2 using regs_interact.doc, nolabel bdec(3) rdec(3) eform ci append
lincom 1.medicine_hm2 + 1.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc#1.medicine_hm2, eform
lincom 1.medicine_hm2 + 2.e_v2x_libdem_3Cc#1.medicine_hm2, eform


**********************************************************************************************************************
*** Figure A1: Kaplan-Meier functions by regime and policymaker characteristics (broader stringent policy measure) ***
**********************************************************************************************************************

sum stringencyindex_average, detail
* Median is 57.41
* 75th percentile is 75

* We exclude two countries without stringency index data
list stringent3 stringencyindex_average stayathome if country == "Eritrea"
list stringent3 stringencyindex_average stayathome if country == "Turkmenistan"

stset stop, failure(stringent3 == 1) id(country)

sts list

sts graph if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan", by(dddemocracy) failure /*
          */ title("(a) Democracy", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(off) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stringent policy)", height(4) color(black)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(white)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Democracy   " 1 "Other   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(black))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_dictatorship_pm2, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan", by(populist2) failure /*
          */ title("(b) Populist leader", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(off) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stringent policy)", height(4) color(white)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(black)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Populist   " 1 "Other   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(white))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_populist_pm2, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan", by(sciencesmedicine) failure /*
          */ title("(c) Scientist leader", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(label(1 "No") label(2 "Yes") region(style(none)) bmargin(zero) /*
		  */ keygap(1) ring(0) position(4) cols(1) textfirst order(2 1)) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stringent policy)", height(4) color(white)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(white)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Scientist   " 1 "Other   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(white))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_scientist_pm2, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan", by(womanpm) failure /*
          */ title("(d) Female leader", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(off) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stringent policy)", height(4) color(black)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(white)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Woman   " 1 "Man   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(black))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_woman_pm2, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan", by(medicine_hm2) failure /*
          */ title("(e) Doctor minister", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(off) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stringent policy)", height(4) color(white)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(black)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Doctor   " 1 "Other   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(white))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_doctor_hm2, replace)

sts graph if date <= 20201231 & country ~= "Eritrea" & country ~= "Turkmenistan", by(womanhm) failure /*
          */ title("(f) Female minister", size(medium) margin(zero)) /*
          */ graphregion(color(white)) /*
		  */ legend(label(1 "No") label(2 "Yes") region(style(none)) bmargin(zero) /*
		  */ keygap(1) ring(0) position(4) cols(1) textfirst order(2 1)) /*
          */ ytitle("Probability (stringent policy)", height(4) color(white)) /*
		  */ xlabel(0 100 200 300 366, nogrid labsize(medsmall)) xscale(range(-10 366)) /*
		  */ ylabel(0 "0" .2 ".2" .4 ".4" .6 ".6" .8 ".8" 1 "1", nogrid labsize(medsmall)) /*
          */ xtitle("Days from January 1, 2020", color(white)) /*
		  */ plot1opts(lcolor("64 105 166")) plot2opts(lcolor("200 0 0") lpattern(shortdash)) /*
		  */ risktable(0 100 200 300 366, size(medsmall) order(2 "Woman   " 1 "Man   ") title("Number at risk   ", color(white))) /*
		  */ name(meier_kaplan_woman_hm2, replace)

graph combine meier_kaplan_dictatorship_pm2 meier_kaplan_populist_pm2 meier_kaplan_scientist_pm2 meier_kaplan_woman_pm2 meier_kaplan_doctor_hm2 meier_kaplan_woman_hm2, graphregion(color(white)) rows(2) xsize(7) name(meier_kaplan_all2, replace)
*graph export meier_kaplan_all2.tif, replace

* Testing for equality of survivor functions - cannot be rejected, except for dddemocracy

sts test dddemocracy if date <= 20201231
sts test populist2 if date <= 20201231
sts test sciencesmedicine if date <= 20201231
sts test womanpm if date <= 20201231
sts test medicine_hm2 if date <= 20201231
sts test womanhm if date <= 20201231

